Therapeutic effect of hemin on gestational hypertension in rats and the mechanism / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the therapeutic effects of hemin, an inducer of heme oxygenase, in a rat model of gestational hypertension and explore the possible mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighteen pregnant SD rats at day 12 of gestation were randomized equally into gestational hypertension model group, hemin treatment group, and normal pregnancy (control) group. In the former two groups, the rats were subjected to daily nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 80 mg/kg) gavage since gestational day 14 for 7 consecutive days to induce gestational hypertension; saline was administered in the same manner in the control rats. The rats in hemin group received daily intraperitoneal injection of hemin (30 mg/kg) starting from gestational day 16. HO activity and carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) level in rat placental tissue were detected with spectrophotometric method, and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (sFlt-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level in the placental tissue homogenate supernatant were detected using ELSIA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At gestational day 20, the blood pressure and 24-h urinary protein were significantly higher in the model group than in the other two groups (P<0.05), and were higher in hemin group than in the control group (P<0.05); HO activity and COHb content in the placenta tissue were the lowest in the model group (P<0.05), and was lower in hemin group than in the control group (P<0.05). The level of sFlt-1 was significantly higher and VEGF level significantly lower in the model group than in the other two groups (P<0.05); sFlt-1 level remained higher and VEGF lower in hemin group than in the control group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Hemin can reduce blood pressure and urinary protein in rats with gestational hypertension possibly by up-regulating HO activity, enhancing carbon monoxide production, reducing sFlt-1 and increasing VEGF in the placental tissue.</p>

Investigation on the prevalence of high risk human papillomavirus and cervical cancer among adult women, in Shenzhen / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence of high risk human papillomavirus (HPV) genital infection and cervical cancer in adult women from Shenzhen.Methods Cluster sampling was used to investigate the prevalence of HPV infection and cervical cancer from women aged 20-59 years old living in Luohu,Futian,Nanshan,Longgang and Baoan districts in Shenzhen from April 2006 to April 2010.All women were detected for liquid-based cytology test (LCT) or Thinprep cytologic test (TCT)and high-risk HPV-DNA test with hybrid capture Ⅱ (HC-Ⅱ ).All women with ≥ASC-US by cytology and/or a positive HC- Ⅱ test were asked to return for colposcopy and four-quadrant biopsy.Endocervical curettage was performed.Pathological finding were used as the gold standard of the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.Results 10 210 women were involved in the study and 10 017 of them having completed data.The overall positive rate of high-risk HPV-DNA was 16.29％.HPV positive rates in 20-,30-,35-,40-,45-,50-59 age groups were 17.37％,15.59％,16.33％,14.74％,17.16％ and 17.98％,respectively.The curve of HPV infection rates in different age groups appeared a ‘W' shape.HPV infection rates in the 25-years-olds and 50-59 year-olds groups were significantly higher than the other age groups (x2=4.50,P=0.03 ).The overall prevalence rate of cervical intraepithelial lesions (CIN) was 7.52％,of which the prevalence rates of low-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions (CIN Ⅰ) was 5.32％ high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions (CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ ) was 2.21％,cervical cancer was 0.12％.The prevalence of CIN Ⅰ was significantly higher than the CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ (x2=134.15,P＜0.001 ).The prevalence of cervical cancer in 45- age group was 0.12％,the highest.HPV infection rates increased with the grades of cervical lesions including women without CIN as 44.31％,in CIN Ⅰ as 70.73％,in CIN Ⅱ as 86.73％,and in CIN Ⅲ as 96.75％ and in cancer as 100.00％.The HPV infection rates were different in districts (x2=17.81,P=0.03 ),with Futian and Luohu higher than those of Nanshan,Longgang and Baoan district.The prevalence rate of CIN in Baoan was lower than other districts.The CIN prevalence rates were not significantly different among the other districts of Shenzhen (x2=4.84,P=0.18).Conclusion The prevalence of cervical cancer was low in adult women living in Shenzhen,with cervical lesions still in the early stage.Prevention of HPV infection and treatment of CIN were the key points for the prevention of cervical cancer.

Prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus and incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in female populations in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) and incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in female populations in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 1137 women aged 15-59 from Shahe Community, Nanshan District, Shenzhen were investigated for cervical cancer during an population-based epidemiological screening from November 2004 to December 2004. Visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), colposcopy, liquid-based cytology test (LCT), and hybrid capture 2 (HC-) were performed to detect the high-risk HPV types in cervical secretions. Biopsy under colposcope was performed in women who were HPV-positive with LCT >or= atypical squamous cells of undetermined sign (ASCUS) or HPV-negative with LCT >or= low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), with the pathological results as the golden standards.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The detection rate of high-risk HPV-DNA was 14.0%. HPV detection rates in 15-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, 40-44, 45-49, and 50-59 age groups were 15.5%, 17.7%, 12.6%, 8.8%, 10.2%, 15.3%, and 21.0%, respectively (P < 0.05). HPV detection rates in 25-29 years group and 50-59 years group were significantly higher than those in other groups (P < 0.05) and 35-39 group had the lowest detection rate. The curve of HPV infection rates in all groups was 'V' type. The overall incidence of CIN was 4.4%. The incidences of CIN , CIN , and CIN were 3.2%, 1.0%, and 0.3%, respectively, in which the incidence of CIN was significantly higher than those of CIN and . HPV detection rates increased with cervical lesion grades, which in >or=CIN groups and normal group were 100.0% and 8.3%, respectively. No cervical cancer was identified in this research. The sensitivities of VIA, colposcopy, LCT, and HC-II for high-risk HPV screening were 35.7%, 50.0%, 92.9%,and 100%, respectively, in detecting high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), the specificities of these four methods were 96.0%, 87.2%, 88.4%, and 86.9%, respectively. Satisfactory negative predictive values were obtained for all methods.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HPV infection is the main risk factor for CIN. Cervical cancer among female populations in Shenzhen is still in early stages. Prevention of HPV infection and treatment of CIN are key for the prevention of cervical cancer.</p>

Role of cytological test for cervices to identify human papillomavirus in the screening program on serious cervical lesion / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To evaluate the value of cervical cytology and hybrid capture Ⅱ (HC-Ⅱ) human papillomavarus (HPV) test for screening cervical lesion. Methods Conventional papanicolaou (Pap) smear by improved take-samples, liquid-based cytology test (LCT) and HC-Ⅱ human papillomavarus test were performed in 425 women in Shang Mei-lin community of Futian region in Shenzhen city, from December 2007 to March 2008 and the above methods were performed in 75 women in Shenzhen Hospital of Peking University at the same time. Age stratified sampling was used. Samples of Pap were taken a broom-type sampling device (take-samples used for LCT) with split-sampling method. Those women with HPV-positive, Pap≥atypical squamous cells of undetermined sign (ASCUS) or LCT≥ASCUS received multi-spot biopsy and endocervical curettage under colposcopy. Final diagnosis would depend on pathological findings as well, to evaluate the values of Pap, LCT, HC-Ⅱ HPV, Pap-HPV parallel test, LCT-HPV parallel test, Pap-HPV serial test and LCT-HPV serial test for the screening program on cervical cancer. Results (1) In this study, 7 women bad cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) Ⅱ, another 7 had CIN Ⅲ, 1 had cervical cancer in the community; 9 had CIN Ⅱ, 11 had CIN Ⅲ, 3 had cervical cancer in the hospital, respectively. (2) The sensitivity of HC-Ⅱ HPV and cytology-HPV parallel test for detecting≥CIN Ⅱ was >95.0% while negative pre-value were nearly 100.0%. (3) There were no significant differences of screening effectiveness and unsatisfactory rates between Pap of improved take-samples and LCT. (4) The cost-effectiveness ratio of Pap-HPV parallel test was higher than LCT-HPV parallel test. Conclusion It was suggested that the first choice for screening of cervical serious lesion were HC-Ⅱ HPV and cytology-HPV parallel test while Pap-HPV parallel test was the best method for screening purposes.

Experimental study of portal hemodynamics after microcapsule transplantation by intraportal and transarterial approach / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the changes of portal hemodynamics after microcapsule transplantation by intraportal and transarterial approach with color doppler sonography.@*METHODS@#Thirty male dogs were divided into 2 groups randomly: Group PV (microcapsules implanted into the portal vein) and Group HA (microcapsules implanted into the hepatic artery). Both groups were divided into 3 subgroups(PV1, PV2, and PV3; HA1, HA2, and HA3) according to the number of implanted microcapsules (8,000/kg, 16,000/kg, and 32,000/kg). The internal diameter and flow velocity of the portal vein were measured with color doppler sonography before the transplantation,within 24 hours and 1, 2, and 4 weeks after microcapsule transplantation.@*RESULTS@#The flow velocity of the portal vein in Group PV1 and PV2 within 24 hours increased significantly (P 0.05). The flow velocity of the portal vein in Group PV3 within 24 hours decreased significantly (P 0.05). The level of ALT in Group PV and Group HA all increased significantly (P<0.05). And when the numbers of microcapsule transplantation were same, the level of ALT in subgroup PV were significantly higher than that in subgroup HA (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Microcapsule transplantation by transarterial approach is safer than by intraportal way, and the hepatic artery can contain more microcapsule than the portal vein.

Comparison of treatment response in primary hepatocellular carcinomas with contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced helical CT / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the value of contrast-enhanced ultra sonography for non-surgical treatment response in hepatocellular carcinomas.@*METHODS@#Non-surgical therapies were performed on 56 patients (64 liver neoplasms) who were diagnosed by ultrasonography-guided biopsy before the therapy. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS) and contrast-enhanced helical CT were performed to assess the treatment response.@*RESULTS@#Forty-six of the 64 lesions were not enhanced with CEUS.Partial enhancement was demonstrated in the other 18 lesions. Forty-eight of the 64 lesions were not enhanced with contrast-enhanced helical CT. Partial enhancement were demonstrated in the other 16 lesions.The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 94.4%, 97.8%, and 96.9% for CEUS and 83.3%, 97.8%, and 93.8% for contrast-enhanced helical CT (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#CEUS is a good method in assessing the non-surgical treatment response in hepatocellular carcinomas and is more sensitive and useful than contrast-enhanced helical CT in assessing the treatment response of transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization.

Contrast enhanced power Doppler in evaluating the angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the role of contrast enhanced power Doppler in evaluating tumor angiogenetic activity.@*METHODS@#Thirty-two patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were analysed. Flow signals of hepatocellular carcinoma were observed by power Doppler imaging after the injection of contrast agent, and then the relative perfusion rate and blood flow were assessed. The microvessel density (MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) were assessed by immunohistochemical method. The relationship between the relative perfusion rate,blood flow, MVD,VEGF was studied.@*RESULTS@#The relative perfusion rate in the tissues with positive expression of VEGF was significantly higher than that in the tissues with negative expression of VEGF in hepatocellular carcinoma. There was correlation between the relative perfusion rate, blood flow grade and MVD(P<0.05). The expression of VEGF was positively related to the relative perfusion rate and blood flow grade(P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Contrast enhanced power Doppler is useful in evaluating the tumor angiogenetic activity.

Childhood gynecomastia: a clinical analysis of 240 cases / 中国当代儿科杂志

Two hundred forty cases of childhood gynecomastia were studied retrospectively. There were 13 cases aged 3 to 10 years and 227 cases aged 11 to 15 years. Of the 240 cases of gynecomastia, 160 presented with bilateral breast enlargement, 50, left breast enlargement, and 30, right breast enlargement. The etiology of gynecomastia of the 240 patients included adolescent breast hyperplasia (n=219), drug ingestion (n=2), and secondary causes (n=5). Fourteen patients did not show identifiable causes and were diagnosed as idiopathic gynecomastia. The 8 patients with identifiable causes received specific treatment. After 1-3 months of treatment, the breasts of the patients improved. The 219 cases of adolescent breast hyperplasia and 14 cases of idiopathic gynecomastia were not given any medication. They were followed up regularly. Most of the patients recovered well within a 27-month follow-up.

Comparison of ultrasound-guided mammotome and Tru-cut biopsy needle in diagnosing breast masses / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the diagnostic value of ultrasound-guided mammotome and Tru-cut biopsy needle in diagnosing breast masses.@*METHODS@#Retrospective analysis was performed in 214 patients with breast masses obtained separately by mammotome or Tru-cut biopsy needle guided by ultrasound, and analyzed by pathological examination. The success ratios of sample choosing and the coincident ratios of pathological diagnosis were compared.@*RESULTS@#The success ratios of sample choosing for mammotome and Tru-cut biopsy needle were 100% and 90%, respectively. The coincident ratios of pathological diagnosis of mammotome and Tru-cut were 98. 7% and 90%, respectively. There was significant difference in the 2 groups (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Mammotome is a useful method and superior to Tru-cut biopsy needle in the diagnosis of breast masses.

Distribution of human papillomavirus types in Shenzhen women / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the status of genital infection as well as distribution of types of human papillomavirus (HPV) in women in Shenzhen and provide population data for the future vaccine intervention on cervical cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Women with age between 15 and 59 years were selected in cluster stratified sampling from Huaqiaocheng community, Nanshan district, Shenzhen and received a population-based cervical cancer screening. After consent, every woman was interviewed by using questionnaire and tested by liquid-based cytology and HPV DNA (hybrid capture 2 and gene chips typing) separately.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Totally 1 137 women were screened. The rate of high risk HPV of hybrid capture 2 test (14. 0% ) was higher than gene chips typing test (9. 8%) (chi(2) = 27. 198, P < 0. 001) ; the consistency of the two tests was acceptable ( kappa = 0. 498, P < 0. 001). The rates of low risk HPV types and other types of gene chips typing test in this population were 1. 9% and 0. 2% respectively. The percentages of HPV 16, 18 and 58 in HPV positive women were 29. 7% , 18. 9% and 18. 9%. The rates of different age group of low risk HPV were 1. 4% (17-34), 1. 7% (35-44) and 3. 2% (45-59) , respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HPV 16, 18, and 58 are the most popular types in the study population. The differences of infection rates of high risk HPV are due primarily to the variation of HPV16 distribution among age-specific population. The chances of being affected by low risk HPV will increase with age.</p>

Effects of different treatment complex on esophageal vascular structures in patients with portal hypertension / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the effects of different treatment complex on esophageal vascular structures in patients with portal hypertension.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Patients (142 cases) with esophageal varices received either endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) alone (54 cases), pericardial devascularization procedure (PDP) alone (23 cases), a combination of EVL and partial splenic embolization (PSE) (34 cases), or a combination of EVL and PDP (31 cases) for variceal eradication. Esophageal vascular structures were examined with miniature ultrasonic probe. The recurrence and rebleeding of esophageal varices were investigated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Esophageal submucous varices were obliterated and collateral veins remained unchanged in patients treated by EVL or EVL combined with PSE; esophageal submucous varices were diminished in size and collateral veins were obliterated by PDP, and both esophageal submucous varices and collateral veins were obliterated by the combination of EVL and PDP.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The combination of EVL and Hassab's procedure can effectively shut off the portoazygous shunt, prevent esophageal varices from bleeding and recurrence. It's a simply and less cost procedure.</p>

Study on chemical constituents of volatile oil and trace elements from fruits of Clausena lansium / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study and determine the chemical constituents of the volatile oil and the trace elements in the fruits of the Clausena lansium.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The essential oils were extracted by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and separated on capillary columns with HP6890GC-5973MS. The components were quantitatively determined with normalization method, and were identified with GC-MS. And the trace elements were determined by ICP-MS and ICP-AES.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>36 Components constituting 95% of the total essential oil were separated and identified, and 11 trace elements were identified.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>18 Compounds were found from the fruit of C. lansium for the first time.</p>

Significance of Changes of Serum and Bile in Infantile Hepatitis Syndrome / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the changes of serum and bile from victims attacked by infantile hepatitis syndrome(IHS).Methods The constituents from 42 IHS subjects and 16 controls,including total bilirubin(TB),direct bilirubin(DB),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),glutamyltranspeptidase(?-GT),total bile acid(TBA),interleukin 6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor ?(TNF-? )both in bile and serum,were assayed by fully-auto chemistry analyzer and ELISA,respectively.The subjects of IHS were divided into cholestasis group and hepatitis group.Results Of IHS group,the values of serumal TB,DB,ALT,?-GT,TBA,IL-6 and TNF-? were higher than those of control(P_a